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Resources - Tuberculosis
According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, there were 8.8 million new cases of TB in 2010 and 1.4 million died from TB. Although TB is curable, people die of TB every day. Inadequate TB treatment has led to rising rates of multi-drug resistant TB and the emergence of extensive drug resistant (XDR) TB. In addition, the TB epidemic has been fueled by the HIV epidemic. Worldwide, TB is the leading cause of death for patients infected with HIV.
Improved clinical care can help save the lives of persons with tuberculosis. The Johns Hopkins CCGHE will be developing clinical courses on tuberculosis diagnosis and management that are timely and relevant to the healthcare issues in resource-limited settings.
Relevant links
WHO Tuberculosis Fact Sheet - World Health Organization TB fact sheet - 2011/2012
WHO TB Treatment Guidelines - 4th Edition - A 160-page e-book of WHO guidelines for treatment of TB for international programmes - 2009
WHO policy on collaborative TB/HIV activities: Guidelines for national programmes and other stakeholders- WHO - 36 pages - 2012
OVERVIEW
WHO Tuberculosis Fact Sheet - World Health Organization TB fact sheet - 2011/2012
Global Tuberculosis Control 2011 - (Full Report) World Health Organization.
TREATMENT
TB/HIV Drug Interactions (full report) Managing Drug Interactions in the Treatment of HIV Related Tuberculosis - CDC 2007.
CDC MMWR Treatment of Tuberculosis June 2003 (full report )
- Table 2: Drug regimens for culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis caused by drug-susceptible organisms.
- Table 3: Doses of antituberculous drugs in adults and children
- Table 12: Clinically significant drug-drug interactions involving rifamycins
CDC MMWR Prevention and Treatment of Tuberculosis Among Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Principles of Therapy and Revised Recommendations - 78-page updated guidelines - Oct 1998
- Table 1: CDC recommendations for co-administering protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with RIFAMPIN - 2004.
- Table 2: CDC recommendations for co-administering protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with RIFABUTIN - 2004.
MDR TB & XDR TB
XDR-TB Frequently asked questions - World Health Organization
Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis - 4th. Edition. World Health Organization, 2009
CDC MMWR Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis ---United States, 1993-2006
WHO Report: Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world - Fourth Global Report - This report presents findings from the largest survey to date on the scale of resistance in tuberculosis. It is based on data collected between 2002 and 2006 on 90,000 TB patients in 81 countries by WHO and the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Global Project - 2008
Emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Extensive Resistance to Second-Line Drugs- Worldwide 2002-2004.
CDC report of the emergence of XDR TB globally. XDR TB is defined as TB resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid, as well as any fluoroquinolone and at least one injectable anti-TB drug. A recent outbreak of XDR TB in an HIV-infected population in South Africa had an alarmingly high mortality (52 out of 53 patients). March 2006.
PROGRAMMATIC INTERVENTIONS
WHO DOTS Guidelines - DOTS is the internationally-recommended TB control strategy and combines five essential elements - 2002
WHO TB Treatment Guidelines - 160-page e-book of WHO guidelines for treatment of TB - Fourth Edition 2009
Guidance for national tuberculosis programs on the management of tuberculosis in children.
WHO guidelines for TB in children including recommendations on treatment, diagnosis, contact screening and BCG vaccination. 50 pages. 2006.
Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional and Detention Facilities: Recommendations from CDC.
CDC guidelines to minimize the risk of TB transmission in facilities that provide care to HIV-infected persons or in institutions such as prisons and rehabilitation centers where the prevalence of HIV is high. 44 pages. 2006.
The Stop TB Strategy.
WHO strategy for national TB programs and collaborators with emphasis on the following components: DOTS, HIV/TB, MDRTB, health care system infrastructure, private/public partnerships, community involvement, and research.
RESEARCH
HINARI (Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative) - The HINARI program, set up by WHO together with major publishers, enables developing countries to gain access to one of the world's largest collections of biomedical and health literature.
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