United States

Publications

Primary care providers knowledge, attitude and practices related to hepatitis C screening and treatment in the oral direct acting antiviral agents era

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2016-10-28

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Journal of Community Medicine and Health Education

Background: There are over 3 million Americans infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Despite recent advances in HCV treatment, a major barrier to care remains a limited number of treaters. HCV therapy provision by primary care providers (PCPs) could expand access by increasing the pool of...

Sex-related differences in inflammatory and immune activation markers before and after combined antiretroviral therapy initiation

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2016-10-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: Women progress to death at the same rate as men despite lower plasma HIV RNA (viral load). We investigated sex-specific differences in immune activation and inflammation as a potential explanation. Methods: Inflammatory and immune activation markers [...

HIV-related stigma among Spanish speaking Latinos in an emerging immigrant receiving city

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2016-09-27

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Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health

HIV-related stigma has been associated with a reluctance to test for HIV among Latinos . This study assessed community HIV-related stigma within an emerging Latino immigrant receiving city . We conducted a brief survey among a convenience sample of 312 Spanish - speaking Latinos in Baltimore...

Continued importance of sexually transmitted disease clinics in the era of the Affordable Care Act

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2016-09-15

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American Journal of Preventive Medicine

Introduction: Following the 2014 expansions of Medicaid and private health insurance through the Affordable Care Act, municipal sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics-which have historically served predominantly uninsured patients-have been threatened with budget cuts nationwide. This...

Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in HIV-positive adults

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2016-08-16

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Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Background: Rapid detection of tuberculosis (TB) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global health priority. HIV-associated TB may have different clinical presentations and is challenging to diagnose. Conventional sputum tests have reduced sensitivity in HIV-...

Editorial Commentary: Recruiting the next generation of infectious diseases physicians: how do we reignite the passion?

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2016-07-15

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Introduction: Infectious diseases (ID) is the most exciting medical subspecialty. We may be biased, but we are not wrong. It is disheartening that applications to ID fellowships continue to decrease; in 2016, 61% of fellowship programs did not fill through the National Resident Matching...

Defining clinical excellence in adult infectious disease practice

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2016-06-16

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Clinical excellence should be recognized, particularly in the current climate that appropriately prioritizes relationship-centered care. In order to develop a recognition model, a definition of clinical excellence must be created and agreed upon. A paradigm recently suggested by C. Christmas...

Public health clinic-based hepatitis C testing and linkage to care in Baltimore

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2016-05-15

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Journal of Viral Hepatitis

Testing and linkage to care are important determinants of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment effectiveness. Public health clinics serve populations at high risk of HCV. We investigated their potential to serve as sites for HCV testing, initiation of and linkage to HCV care. Cross-sectional...

High proportion of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in a low prevalence setting: a retrospective cohort study

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2016-04-29

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Public Health

Objectives: The proportion of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases in the United States (US) has been rising due to a slower rate of decline in EPTB compared to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The purpose of this study was to characterise the clinical and treatment differences between EPTB...

Inflammation and change in body weight with antiretroviral therapy initiation in a multinational cohort of HIV-infected adults

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2016-04-01

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background: Both wasting and obesity are associated with inflammation, but the extent to which body weight changes influence inflammation during human immunodeficiency virus infection is unknown. Methods: Among a random virologically suppressed participants of the...

Persistently elevated C-reactive protein level in the first year of antiretroviral therapy, despite virologic suppression, is associated with HIV disease progression in resource-constrained settings

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2016-04-01

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

A case-cohort analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) was performed within a multicountry randomized trial (PEARLS) to assess the prevalence of persistently elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, based on serial...

Effect of the US National HIV/AIDS Strategy targets for improved HIV care engagement: a modelling study

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2016-03-15

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Lancet HIV

Background : The recently updated White House National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS) includes specific progress indicators to improve the HIV care continuum in the USA, but the economic and epidemiological effect of achieving those indicators remains unclear. We aimed to project the impact of...

Ecological momentary assessment of illicit drug use compared to biological and self-reported methods

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2016-03-15

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Journal of Medical Internet Research

Background: The use of mHealth methods for capturing illicit drug use and associated behaviors have become more widely used in research settings, yet there is little research as to how valid these methods are compared to known measures of capturing and quantifying drug use. ...

Infectious Diseases (ID) Learning Unit: How rapidly to evaluate for active tuberculosis disease in low-prevalence settings

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2016-03-11

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

With declining tuberculosis (TB) incidence in low-prevalence settings, many clinicians are likely unaware that the approach to diagnosing active TB is evolving with newer technologies. Rapid molecular assays are commercially available, and more are likely to enter the market in the coming...

Prevalence and risk factors of micronutrient deficiencies pre- and post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) among a diverse multicountry cohort of HIV-infected adults

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2016-02-10

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Clinical Nutrition

Background & Aims: HIV-infected adults have increased risk of several individual micronutrient deficiencies. However, the prevalence and risk factors of concurrent and multiple micronutrient deficiencies and whether micronutrient concentrations change after antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

TLR2-modulating lipoproteins of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex enhance the HIV infectivity of CD4+ T cells

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2016-01-25

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PLoS One

Abstract Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis accelerates progression from HIV to AIDS. Our previous studies showed that M. tuberculosis complex, unlike M. smegmatis, enhances TLR2-dependent susceptibility of CD4+ T cells to HIV. The M. tuberculosis complex produces...

The epidemiologic and economic impact of improving HIV testing, linkage, and retention in care in the United States

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2016-01-15

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background : Recent guidelines advocate early antiretroviral therapy (ART) to decrease human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) morbidity and prevent transmission, but suboptimal engagement in care may compromise impact. We sought to determine the economic and epidemiologic impact of incomplete...

Senior center-based hepatitis C screening in Baltimore

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2016-01-06

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Abstract Despite significant advancements in hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments, the majority of individuals infected with HCV remain undiagnosed. We report on senior citizen center-based HCV testing in Baltimore, which revealed a 9.4% prevalence of infection. Our data suggest...

Recurrent Aeromonas bacteremia due to contaminated well water

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2015-10-20

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Although they are ubiquitous to aquatic environments, Aeromonas species have traditionally been considered nonvirulent; however, in the past 30 years, they have emerged as important human pathogens that can cause a wide spectrum of disease. In this study, we describe a case of recurrent...

Soluble CD14: An independent biomarker for risk of HIV mother-to-child transmission in setting of pre- and post-exposure antiretroviral prophylaxis

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2015-10-06

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Elevated soluble CD14 (sCD14) concentrations, a marker of monocyte activation, predicts adverse outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults. To examine the association of sCD14 concentrations with the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, we nested a case-...

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