Publications

Quantifying HIV transmission flow between high-prevalence hotspots and surrounding communities: a population-based study in Rakai, Uganda

Post Date: 
2020-03-17
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
The Lancet HIV
BACKGROUND: International and global organisations advocate targeting interventions to areas of high HIV prevalence (ie, hotspots). To better understand the potential benefits of geo-targeted control, we assessed the extent to which HIV hotspots along Lake Victoria sustain transmission in...

Hepatotoxicity and Liver-Related Mortality in Women of Child-Bearing Potential Living With HIV and High CD4 Counts Initiating Efavirenz-Containing Regimens

Post Date: 
2020-03-12
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Severe hepatotoxicity in people with HIV receiving efavirenz (EFV) has been reported. We assessed the incidence and risk factors of hepatotoxicity in women of child-bearing age initiating EFV-containing regimens. Methods: In the PROMISE trial, ART-naïve pregnant women with HIV and CD4...

Tuberculosis in children, adolescents, and women

Post Date: 
2020-02-27
Publication: 
Lancet Respiratory Medicine
In this Lancet Respiratory Medicine commentary, Dr. Amita Gupta and colleagues note that TB prevalence among children, adolescents, and women isn't well documented. This poses big challenges for the goal of TB elimination.

Migration, hotspots, and dispersal of HIV infection in Rakai, Uganda

Post Date: 
2020-02-20
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
Nature Communications
Abstract HIV prevalence varies markedly throughout Africa, and it is often presumed areas of higher HIV prevalence (i.e., hotspots) serve as sources of infection to neighboring areas of lower prevalence. However, the small-scale geography of migration networks and movement of HIV-...

Whole genome enrichment approach for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug resistance-associated mutations from direct sputum sequencing

Post Date: 
2020-02-20
Publication: 
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), using routine culture-based methods is time consuming resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. Currently available molecular tests provide faster...

High prevalence of late presentation of ART-naïve perinatally infected children for care in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2020-02-19
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
AIDS Care
AIDS Care : There is an urgent need to identify strategies that improve linkage of perinatally infected ART-naïve children to care, and earlier than what is currently observed.

Compliance of private pharmacies in Uganda with controlled prescription drugs regulations: A mixed-methods study

Post Date: 
2020-02-08
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
Background: Controlled prescription drug use disorders are a growing global health challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa. Effective supply chain regulations on dispensing and stock control are important for controlling this epidemic. Since compliance with these regulations in resource-limited countries...

Applying a risk-benefit analysis to outcomes in tuberculosis clinical trials

Post Date: 
2020-02-03
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
CID: Analyzing efficacy and safety separately in clinical trials could yield misleading study conclusions if there's an increase in efficacy and a decrease in safety

Quantifying HIV transmission flow between high-prevalence hotspots and surrounding communities: a population-based study in Rakai, Uganda

Post Date: 
2020-01-14
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
Lancet HIV
Background: International and global organisations advocate targeting interventions to areas of high HIV prevalence (ie, hotspots). To better understand the potential benefits of geo-targeted control, we assessed the extent to which HIV hotspots along Lake Victoria sustain transmission in...

Assessment of the Xpert assay among new pulmonary tuberculosis suspects with and without diabetes mellitus

Post Date: 
2020-01-01
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
IJTLD: Deshmukh and colleagues: High sensitivity and specificity of Xpert underscores need for rapid scale up for early detection of TB in settings with a high dual burden of TB and DM

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Novel and Rapid Lipoarabinomannan Test for Diagnosing Tuberculosis Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Post Date: 
2019-12-21
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background: The novel Fujifilm SILVAMP TB-LAM (FujiLAM) assay detects mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan in urine and has demonstrated superior sensitivity to the Alere Determine TB-LAM Ag (AlereLAM) assay for detection of tuberculosis among hospitalized people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH...

Addressing the global burden of hepatitis B virus while developing long-acting injectables for the prevention and treatment of HIV

Post Date: 
2019-12-20
Publication: 
Lancet HIV
Lancet HIV: Dr. Bob Bollinger and colleagues discuss the urgent need and opportunity to include activity against Hepatitis B in formulations of long-acting drugs for HIV prevention and treatment

Transcriptomic profiles of confirmed pediatric tuberculosis patients and household contacts identifies active tuberculosis, infection, and treatment response among Indian children

Post Date: 
2019-12-04
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Journal of Infectious Diseases: Gene expression profiles among Indian children with confirmed TB were distinct from those of adults, highlighting the importance of including distinct populations in differential gene expression models

Evaluating the Concordance of Clinician Antiretroviral Prescribing Practices and HIV-ASSIST, an Online Clinical Decision Support Tool

Post Date: 
2019-12-02
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of General Internal Medicine
Recent studies have shown that more than half of HIV care is provided by primary care practitioners.However, clinicians with experience and expertise in HIV medicine are declining.

A parsimonious host inflammatory biomarker signature predicts incident TB and mortality in advanced HIV

Post Date: 
2019-11-25
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND: People with advanced HIV (CD4<50) remain at high risk of TB or death despite the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. We aimed to identify immunological profiles that were most predictive of incident TB disease and death. METHODS: The REMEMBER randomized clinical trial enrolled 850...

Lipid mediators of inflammation and resolution in individuals with tuberculosis and tuberculosis-diabetes

Post Date: 
2019-11-11
Publication: 
Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators
Individuals with concurrent tuberculosis (TB) and Type 2 diabetes (DM) have a higher risk of adverse outcomes. To better understand potential immunological differences, we utilized a comprehensive panel to characterize pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving (i.e., mediators involved in the resolution...

MAL adaptor (TIRAP) S180L polymorphism and severity of disease among tuberculosis patients

Post Date: 
2019-10-31
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
Infection, Genetics, and Evolution
Infection, Genetics, and Evolution : We investigated the association of TIRAP variants with severity of TB disease and IP-10 production in humans, which may be useful in predicting poor clinical outcome

Incidence of tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults on first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy in India

Post Date: 
2019-10-29
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
In this study among people living with HIV, Akshay Gupte and colleagues found that the risk of acquiring tuberculosis was higher in those receiving first-line antiretrovial therapy versus those receiving second-line medications.

Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV

Post Date: 
2019-10-21
Publication: 
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Why is improving the diagnosis of tuberculosis important? Tuberculosis causes more deaths in people living with HIV than any other disease. The lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay (LF-LAM, Alere Determine™ TB LAM Ag assay) is a World Health Organization-recommended rapid test to assist in detection of active tuberculosis in HIV-positive people with severe HIV disease. Rapid and early tuberculosis diagnosis may allow for prompt treatment and alleviate severe illness and death. An incorrect tuberculosis diagnosis may result in anxiety and unnecessary treatment.

Impact of combination HIV interventions on HIV incidence in hyperendemic fishing communities in Uganda: a prospective cohort study

Post Date: 
2019-10-06
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
The Lancet HIV
BACKGROUND: Targeting combination HIV interventions to locations and populations with high HIV burden is a global priority, but the impact of these strategies on HIV incidence is unclear. We assessed the impact of combination HIV interventions on HIV incidence in four HIV-hyperendemic...

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