Publications by Year (2013)

Mortality and long-term virologic outcomes in children and infants treated with lopinavir/ritonavir

Post Date: 
2013-12-15
   |   
Countries: 
Panama
Publication: 
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Background: There is scant data on young children receiving protease inhibitor-based therapy in real-life resource-limited settings and on the optimal timing of therapy among children who survive infancy. Our aim was to evaluate outcomes at the Hospital del Niño, Panama, where children have been...

Cost-effectiveness of novel algorithms for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals in Uganda

Post Date: 
2013-11-28
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
AIDS
Objective : Xpert MTB/RIF ('Xpert') and urinary lateral-flow lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM) assays offer rapid tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of novel diagnostic algorithms utilizing combinations of Xpert and LF-LAM for the detection of active TB among people...

Pediatric tuberculosis in young children in India: a prospective study

Post Date: 
2013-11-11
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
BioMed Research International
Background: India has one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) burdens globally. However, few studies have focused on TB in young children, a vulnerable population, where lack of early diagnosis results in poor outcomes. Methods: Young children (≤ 5 years) with suspected TB were prospectively enrolled...

The Exposure Assessment in current time (EXACT) study: implementation, feasibility and acceptability of real-time data collection in a community cohort of illicit drug users

Post Date: 
2013-11-06
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
AIDS Research and Treatment
Objective: We describe the study design and evaluate the implementation, feasibility, and acceptability of an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study of illicit drug users. Design. Four sequential field trials targeting observation of 30 individuals followed for a four week period. Participants...

Leveraging information technology to address the health workforce gap

Post Date: 
2013-11-01
Publication: 
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
According to some estimates, the world needs more than 4 million additional physicians, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, midwives, community health workers (CHWs) and other front-line health workers. However, there is also a shortage of faculty that can provide high-quality...

HIV/AIDS education in traditional Indian systems of medicine: faculty perspectives

Post Date: 
2013-10-24
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of Traditional Medicine and and Clinical Naturopathy
In India, HIV-infected individuals face numerous challenges in their search for treatments. Currently, western allopathic medicine (hereinafter ‘biomedicine’) offers antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS and associated co-morbidities that have prolonged survival and improved quality of...

Cost-effectiveness of Xpert MTB/RIF for diagnosing pulmonary Tuberculosis in the United States

Post Date: 
2013-10-15
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Setting : Conventional approaches to tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and resistance testing are slow. The Xpert® MTB/RIF assay is an emerging molecular diagnostic assay for rapid TB diagnosis, offering results within 2 hours. However, the cost-effectiveness of implementing Xpert in settings with low TB...

Intensified case-finding of latent tuberculosis infection among the Baltimore City Hispanic population

Post Date: 
2013-08-15
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
Foreign-born immigrants are at high risk for latent TB infection (LTBI). In conjunction with the Baltimore City Health Department (BCHD), student volunteers conducted intensified LTBI case-finding (ICF) using tuberculin skin testing (TST) in the Hispanic community from 2006-2010. We sought to...

India’s new policy to protect research participants

Post Date: 
2013-07-31
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The BMJ
Editorial Introduction: India, the country with the largest disease burden in the world,1 is now a major international hub for clinical research. However, a recent policy that was meant to mitigate important ethical concerns may have profound and unintended consequences for public health and may...

Comparison of laboratory costs of rapid molecular tests and conventional diagnostics for detection of tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa

Post Date: 
2013-07-29
   |   
Countries: 
South Africa
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
Background : The World Health Organization has endorsed the use of molecular methods for the detection of TB and drug-resistant TB as a rapid alternative to culture-based systems. In South Africa, the Xpert MTB/Rif assay and the GenoType MTBDRplus have been implemented into reference laboratories...

A qualitative study of barriers to enrollment into free HIV care: perspectives of never-in-care HIV-positive patients and providers in Rakai, Uganda

Post Date: 
2013-07-23
   |   
Countries: 
Uganda
Publication: 
BioMed Research International
Background: Early entry into HIV care is low in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Rakai, about a third (31.5%) of HIV-positive clients who knew their serostatus did not enroll into free care services. This qualitative study explored barriers to entry into care from HIV-positive clients who had never enrolled...

Patterns of TB drug-resistance in a tertiary care facility in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2013-07-18
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Microbiology
Introduction:Globally, the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) (defined as resistance to isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) and extensively drug resistant (XDR-TB) (defined as resistance to INH, RIF, any fluoroquinolone and to at least one of the three injectable second...

India's conditional cash transfer programme (the JSY) to promote institutional birth: Is there an association between institutional birth proportion and maternal mortality?

Post Date: 
2013-06-27
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
PLoS One
Abstract Background: India accounts for 19% of global maternal deaths, three-quarters of which come from nine states. In 2005, India launched a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), to reduce maternal mortality ratio (MMR) through promotion of institutional births...

Effective coverage of institutional deliveries under the Janani Suraksha Yojana programme in high maternal mortality provinces of India: analysis of data from an annual health survey

Post Date: 
2013-06-17
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The Lancet
Abstract Background Three-quarters of India's maternal deaths come from nine (of 35) provinces. In 2005, the government launched a conditional cash transfer programme, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), to reduce maternal mortality through promotion of institutional deliveries (ID)...

Assessment of Gutka ban in Maharashtra: findings from a focus group discussion

Post Date: 
2013-06-11
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
International Journal of Head & Neck Surgery
According to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) India 2009-2010, around 8.3% (13.4% among male and 2.5% amongfemale) of people in Maharashtra are gutka users. Gutkaconsumption not only causes oral cancer, but has also beenlinked with development of oral submucous fibrosis, aprecancerous lesion...

Cost-utility of lateral-flow urine lipoarabinomannan for tuberculosis diagnosis in HIV-infected African adults

Post Date: 
2013-04-15
   |   
Countries: 
South Africa
Uganda
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Setting : In-patient hospitals in South Africa and Uganda. Objective : To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a lateral-flow urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test when added to existing strategies for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults (CD4(+) T-cell counts...

Screening for pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol A5253

Post Date: 
2013-04-15
   |   
Countries: 
Botswana
Brazil
India
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Zimbabwe
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Background: Improved tuberculosis (TB) screening is urgently needed for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Methods: An observational, multi-country, cross-sectional study of HIV-infected patients to compare a standardized diagnostic evaluation (SDE) for TB with standard of care (...

H_pe for mHealth: More "y" or "o" on the horizon?

Post Date: 
2013-04-13
Publication: 
International Journal of Medical Informatics
Objective: Efforts in the domain of mobile health, or mHealth, have been criticized for the unfettered proliferation of pilots and a lack of a rigorous evidence base to support these strategies. In this letter, we present the response of a group of researchers in the mHealth community to the recent...

Changes in HIV-1 subtypes B and C genital tract RNA in women and men after initiation of antiretroviral therapy

Post Date: 
2013-03-26
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduces genital tract human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) load and reduces the risk of sexual transmission, but little is known about the efficacy of cART for decreasing genital tract viral load (GTVL) and differences in sex or HIV-1...

Low tuberculosis knowledge among HIV-infected patients in a high HIV prevalence region within Southeast India

Post Date: 
2013-03-21
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
Setting: A private multispecialty hospital in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods: A survey of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions adapted from a pretested questionnaire was administered to 128 HIV-infected adults, from July to August 2008.

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