Publications - Antiretroviral therapy

Publication:

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

BACKGROUND: Viral load (VL) monitoring is standard of care in HIV-infected persons initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the predictive value of VL measurements at 6 and 12 months after initiation of firstline ART to estimate the future risk of virologic failure (VF). METHODS: HIV...

Enhanced immigration enforcement in the USA and the transnational continuity of HIV care for Latinx migrants in deportation proceedings

Post Date:

2018-10-15

Countries:

United States

Publication:

Lancet HIV

In our work as clinicians, researchers, and immigrant rights advocates, we have noted increased anxiety about the possibility of deportation and disruptions in care among immigrants with HIV. Before the 2016 US elections, patients rarely asked about HIV treatment in their home countries. However,...

Inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers predict clinical HIV treatment failure and incident active TB in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study

Post Date:

2018-09-24

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Publication:

BMC Medicine

Factors identified through exploratory factor analysis were associated with adverse outcomes in HIV-infected individuals.

Challenges of TB and co-treatment: updates and insights

Post Date:

2018-08-04

Publication:

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the past few years, tuberculosis (TB) has overtaken HIV as the infectious disease with the highest global mortality. Successful management of this syndemic will require improved diagnostic tests, shorter preventive therapies, and more effective treatments, particularly in...

Loss to follow‐up and mortality among HIV‐infected adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy in Pune, India

Post Date:

2018-06-25

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Publication:

HIV Medicine

Over 6 years, one-third of HIV+ adolescents in this study discontinued medical treatment, indicating a critical need for retention counselling and closer clinical monitoring.

Hepatotoxicity during isoniazid preventive therapy and antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV with severe immunosuppression: a secondary analysis of a multi-country open-label randomized controlled clinical trial

Post Date:

2018-05-01

Publication:

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

BACKGROUND: Hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) has not been well studied in severely immunosuppressed people with HIV. Our objective was to determine risk factors for hepatotoxicity in severely immunosuppressed individuals taking IPT...

Prevention of HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding:efficacy of safety of maternal antiretroviral therapy versus infant nevirapine prophylaxis for duration of breastfeeding in HIV-1-infected women with high CD4 cell count (IMPAACT PROMISE)

Post Date:

2018-04-01

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Publication:

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

BACKGROUND: No randomized trial has directly compared the efficacy of prolonged infant antiretroviral prophylaxis versus maternal antiretroviral therapy (mART) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission throughout the breastfeeding period. SETTING: Fourteen sites in Sub-Saharan Africa and India...

HIV viral suppression and geospatial patterns of HIV antiretroviral therapy treatment facility use in Rakai, Uganda

Post Date:

2018-03-27

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Publication:

AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To assess geospatial patterns of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment facility use and whether they were impacted by viral load suppression. METHODS: We extracted data on the location and type of care services utilized by HIV-positive persons accessing ART between February 2015 and...

Intestinal barrier dysfunction and microbial translocation in HIV-infected pregnant women is associated with preterm birth

Post Date:

2018-03-24

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NIRT

Publication:

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Our results show select immune markers can identify women at higher risk for PTB in HIV-1-infected populations and suggest modulating gut barrier integrity and microbial translocation may affect PTB.

The validity of self-reported antiretroviral use in persons living with HIV: a population-based study

Post Date:

2018-01-28

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Publication:

AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of self-reported antiretroviral therapy use (ART) using population-based cohort data. METHODS: Self-reported ART use and nonuse was compared with a validated laboratory assay in 557 HIV-positive participants in the Rakai Community Cohort Study surveyed between...

What will it take to reduce HIV incidence in the United States: A mathematical modeling analysis

Post Date:

2018-01-06

Countries:

United States

Publication:

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Modeling and simulations suggest that cutting HIV incidence in half by 2025 will require 95% of people living with HIV to be engaged in care.

Identifying models of HIV care and treatment service delivery in Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia using cluster analysis and Delphi survey

Post Date:

2017-12-06

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Publication:

BMC Health Services Research

BACKGROUND: Organization of HIV care and treatment services, including clinic staffing and services, may shape clinical and financial outcomes, yet there has been little attempt to describe different models of HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Information about the relative benefits and...

HIV prevention efforts and incidence in HIV in Uganda

Post Date:

2017-11-30

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Publication:

New England Journal of Medicine

In a large study in Uganda, Dr. Larry Chang and colleagues found that combination HIV prevention has population level implications, reducing new infections by 42%.

Impact of a community health worker HIV treatment and prevention intervention in an HIV hotspot fishing community in Rakai, Uganda (mLAKE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Post Date:

2017-10-23

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Publication:

Trials

Abstract Background: Effective yet practical strategies are needed to increase engagement in HIV treatment and prevention services, particularly in high-HIV-prevalence hotspots. We designed a community-based intervention called "Health Scouts" to promote uptake and adherence to HIV services in a...

Risk factors for early mortality on antiretroviral therapy in advanced HIV-infected adults

Post Date:

2017-10-23

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Publication:

AIDS

Background: Many HIV-infected individuals present with advanced HIV disease. These patients are at high risk of death after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, but risk factors for death in these patients are unclear. Methods: We used data from a multisite randomized trial comparing empiric vs...

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study

Post Date:

2017-07-01

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NIRT

Publication:

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Introduction: Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not well characterized...

The impact of preexposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men: An individual-based model

Post Date:

2017-06-01

Countries:

United States

Publication:

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Objectives Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for preventing HIV infection among individuals at high risk, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Although its individual-level efficacy is proven, questions remain regarding population-level impact of PrEP implementation. Design We...

Design and implementation of a community health worker HIV treatment and prevention intervention in an HIV hot spot fishing community in Rakai, Uganda

Post Date:

2017-05-22

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