Publications - Drug resistance

Prevalence, predictors, and successful treatment outcomes of Xpert MTB/RIF-identified rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in post-conflict Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2012-2017: A retrospective province-wide cohort study

Post Date: 
2019-02-13
   |   
Countries: 
Democratic Republic of Congo
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) jeopardizes global TB control. The prevalence and predictors of Rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB, a proxy for MDR-TB, and the treatment outcomes with standard and shortened regimens have not been assessed in post-conflict regions, such as the South...

Few eligible for the newly recommended short course MDR-TB regimen at a large Mumbai private clinic

Post Date: 
2019-01-28
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
Hinduja Hospital
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND: India has the world's highest tuberculosis burden, and Mumbai is particularly affected by multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). WHO recommends short, intensive treatment ("Short Course") for previously untreated pulmonary MDR-TB patients but does not require universal drug...

HIV testing uptake among the household contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis index cases in eight countries

Post Date: 
2019-01-07
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : The Indo-JHU Clinical Research Parentership participated in this multinational study to determine if it's feasible to provide HIV testing for household contacts of MDR-TB cases.

Multiplex-PCR to detect pAmpC β-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care laboratory in Mumbai, India

Post Date: 
2018-12-13
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
Hinduja Hospital
Publication: 
Microbiology
Drug-resistance due to AmpC β-lactamases represents a growing problem worldwide. In this study, a previously collected sample of 108 cefoxitin-resistant clinical isolates was assessed for AmpC β-lactamase production through routine phenotypic testing and double-disc cefoxitin/cloxcallin (DD-CC),...

The mortality burden of multidrug-resistant pathogens in India: a retrospective observational study

Post Date: 
2018-11-08
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
We conducted a retrospective, ten hospital study of the relationship between multidrug-resistant pathogens and mortality in India. This is one of the largest studies undertaken in an LMIC to measure the burden of antibiotic resistance.

Drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization is associated with healthcare utilization and antimicrobial use among inpatients in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2018-10-04
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND: Healthcare exposure may increase drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization risk. Nascent antimicrobial stewardship efforts in low- and middle-income countries require setting-specific data. We aimed to evaluate risk factors for inpatient drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae...

Failure in TB control: why should the rapid diagnostic test bear the blame?

Post Date: 
2018-09-01
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Dr. Sachit Atre's correspondence published in the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.

Resource utilization for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis household contact investigations (A5300/I2003)

Post Date: 
2018-09-01
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Current guidelines recommend evaluation of the household contacts of individuals with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; however, implementation of this policy is challenging.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Baltimore, Maryland – 2016: The importance of sentinel surveillance in the era of multi-drug resistant gonorrhea

Post Date: 
2018-08-17
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
Antibiotics
The increasing rates of gonorrhea infections and the global emergence and spread of multi-drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) threaten the successful management of gonorrhea. In the era of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), surveillance projects are urgently needed to monitor...

Pyrosequencing to resolve discrepant Xpert MTB/RIF and Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube 960

Post Date: 
2018-03-26
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
Hinduja Hospital
Publication: 
Lung India
Lung India: Indo-JHU researchers find that pyrosequencing can clear up discrepancies about drug resistance in TB.

How feasible is pharmaceutical regulation in India?

Post Date: 
2018-01-29
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The Lancet Global Health
Lancet Global Health: Dr. Sachin Atre outlines factors that complicate pharmaceutical regulation in India, which is a component of WHO's Global Antimicrobial Resistance Action Plan.

The use of clinical decision support in reducing diagnosis of and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria

Post Date: 
2017-12-06
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
Journal of Hospital Medicine
Clinical decision support embedded within the electronic health record is a potential antibiotic stewardship strategy for hospitalized patients.

Antibiotic utilization and the role of suspected and diagnosed mosquito borne illness among adults and children with acute febrile illness in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2017-12-04
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Mosquito-borne disease identification is associated with reduced empiric antibiotic use and faster antibiotic discontinuation.

Of testing and treatment: Implications of implementing new regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2017-10-01
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
A novel, shorter-course regimen for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis was recently recommended by the World Health Organization. However, the most appropriate use of drug susceptibility testing (DST) to support this regimen is less clear. Implementing countries must therefore often...

High burden of antimicrobial resistance and mortality among adults and children with community-onset bacterial infections in India

Post Date: 
2017-04-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Of 133 isolates from 115 patients, 50% were multi-drug resistant; of 33 isolates tested for carbapenem susceptibility, 36% were resistant.

The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2017-03-24
Publication: 
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Global tuberculosis incidence has declined marginally over the past decade, and tuberculosis remains out of control in several parts of the world including Africa and Asia. Although tuberculosis control has been effective in some regions of the world, these gains are threatened by the increasing...

Drug-resistant tuberculosis in 2017: at a crossroads

Post Date: 
2017-03-15
Publication: 
Lancet Respiratory Medicine
In The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Dheda and colleagues present one of the most comprehensive pictures to date of the global epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis. This comes at a time of increasing awareness of antimicrobial resistance as a global threat, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis has had...

Management and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): addressing policy needs for India

Post Date: 
2016-05-06
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of Public Health Policy
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) challenges TB control efforts because of delays in diagnosis plus its long-term treatment which has toxic effects. Of TB high-incidence countries, India carries the highest burden of MDR-TB cases. We describe policy issues in India concerning MDR-TB...

Blood stream infections

Post Date: 
2014-07-01
Publication: 
BioMed Research International
Blood stream infection (BSI) is one of the most devastating preventable complications in Critical Care Units. It has far-reaching consequences resulting in prolonged length of hospital-stay, high costs to the individual and exchequer, and, in many instances, loss of life. Although exact rates of...

Patterns of TB drug-resistance in a tertiary care facility in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2013-07-18
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Microbiology
Introduction:Globally, the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) (defined as resistance to isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) and extensively drug resistant (XDR-TB) (defined as resistance to INH, RIF, any fluoroquinolone and to at least one of the three injectable second...

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