Nutrition

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Birth Outcomes in HIV Both antiretroviral-therapy (ART)-naïve and ART-experienced HIV-infected pregnant women have higher incidences of pre-term birth (PTB) compared to HIV-uninfected women. For example, the global prevalence of PTB is around 8%, while the rates in in HIV-infected populations are...

Lipid Mediators of Inflammation in TB and TB-Diabetes

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2017-10-02

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This study is funded and conducted under the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is nested within Impact of Diabetes on TB Treatment Outcomes. Dr. Jonathan Golub is the PI. Studies have shown that individuals with Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes (TB-DM) have a distinct immune profile compared to...

MDR-TB Free: Monitoring Adverse Effects, Utilizing Resources Optimally, Knowing Resistance Patterns, and Treatment Strategy

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2017-03-24

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Hinduja Hospital

This study is also known as MDR-TB MUKT: M onitoring Adverse Effects, U tilizing Resources Optimally, K nowing Resistance Patterns, and T reatment Strategy. Purpose: To establish an observational cohort of MDR-TB cases and household contacts with accompanying biorepository at PD Hinduja National...

TB and Pregnancy Impact of Immune Changes of HIV and Stages of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis: Nested Study on Temporal Dynamics of Gut Microbiota in HIV Infected Pregnant Women

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2016-07-05

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This is a nested prospective longitudinal cohort study of 35 HIV-infected and 35 HIV-noninfected pregnant women who are part of the parent study “Impact of Immune Changes of HIV and Stages of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis." The objectives are to: Determine the association of gestational age with...

Barriers for Intervention to Prevent Occupationally Acquired Tuberculosis in Healthcare Workers

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2015-05-21

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This study was funded by the Fogarty International Center at the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Observational study to assess the current status of implementation of interventions for preventing occupationally acquired TB in HCW. Identify the barriers to implementing these interventions

Inflammation in HIV-infected Pregnant Women: Relationship with Diet, Gut Microbiome and Preterm Birth

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2014-10-28

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This study was terminated May 7, 2018. P regnancy is a state of relative immunosuppression in order to protect the fetus from being rejected. It has also been shown that the Th-1 helper cell response, which is normally necessary for overcoming TB infection, is suppressed in pregnancy. Thus,...

Impact of Diabetes on TB Treatment Outcomes

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2013-02-01

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DY Patil

CCGHE, the JHU Center for TB Research and BJGMC have been awarded a $2.5 million dollar NIH grant (2013-2018) to conduct a study to evaluate treatment outcomes among Indian patients with both diabetes mellitus and active TB. This study is assessing the prevalence of impaired glucose or frank...

Impact of Malnutrition on HIV Treatment Failure in Resource-limited Settings

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2010-01-01

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Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected persons worldwide. However, early treatment failure (i.e. WHO stage 3 or 4 illnesses or death during the first 24 months of HAART) is more than 3-fold higher in resource limited settings (RLS) than...

BWI CTU: Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit

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2007-02-02

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United States

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Comprising clinical trial sites at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore, Whitman Walker Health in Washington, DC, and the BJGMC-CCGHE collaboration in Pune, India, the Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit (BWI-CTU) is one of only 25 international HIV/TB clinical trial sites funded by the...

BJGMC-JHU Fogarty HIV-TB Training Program

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2007-01-01

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Funded by the Fogarty International Center at the National Institutes of Health, the JHU Fogarty program has nearly 20 years of success with providing training, professional development, and mentorship to clinicians and scientists in low and middle income countries. CCGHE's latest efforts in this...

Inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers predict clinical HIV treatment failure and incident active TB in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study

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2018-09-24

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BMC Medicine

Factors identified through exploratory factor analysis were associated with adverse outcomes in HIV-infected individuals.

Intestinal barrier dysfunction and microbial translocation in HIV-infected pregnant women is associated with preterm birth

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2018-03-24

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Our results show select immune markers can identify women at higher risk for PTB in HIV-1-infected populations and suggest modulating gut barrier integrity and microbial translocation may affect PTB.

Household food insecurity is associated with low interferon-gamma levels in pregnant Indian women

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2017-07-01

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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Objective: To determine the association between household food insecurity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in pregnancy. Design: Pregnant women in India were administered the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire and underwent an IFN-γ release assay. Logistic regression...

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study

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2017-07-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Introduction: Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not well characterized...

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study

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2017-02-06

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Introduction: Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not well characterized. Methods: We...

Efficacy of six-week extended-dose nevirapine varies by infant birth weight with greatest relative efficacy in low birth weight infants

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2016-09-30

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PLOS One

Low birth weight (LBW), defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as birth weight less than 2500 g, is a significant public health issue in resource-limited settings, particularly in Sub Saharan Africa and South Asia where the estimated annual incidence is 14% and 28–31%, respectively,...

Persistently elevated C-reactive protein level in the first year of antiretroviral therapy, despite virologic suppression, is associated with HIV disease progression in resource-constrained settings

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2016-04-01

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

A case-cohort analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) was performed within a multicountry randomized trial (PEARLS) to assess the prevalence of persistently elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, based on serial measurements of...

Low Vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is strongly associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants

Post Date:

2016-02-12

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South Africa

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PLOS One

Background: This study examined the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and specific host genetic variants that affect vitamin D levels or its effects on immune function, with the risk of TB or mortality in children. Methods: A case-cohort sample of 466 South African infants enrolled in P1041 trial...

Prevalence and risk factors of micronutrient deficiencies pre- and post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) among a diverse multicountry cohort of HIV-infected adults

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2016-02-10

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Clinical Nutrition

Background & Aims: HIV-infected adults have increased risk of several individual micronutrient deficiencies. However, the prevalence and risk factors of concurrent and multiple micronutrient deficiencies and whether micronutrient concentrations change after antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

Soluble CD14: An independent biomarker for risk of HIV mother-to-child transmission in setting of pre- and post-exposure antiretroviral prophylaxis

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2015-10-06

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Elevated soluble CD14 (sCD14) concentrations, a marker of monocyte activation, predicts adverse outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults. To examine the association of sCD14 concentrations with the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, we nested a case-control...

Concurrent anemia and elevated CRP predicts HIV clinical treatment failure, including TB, post-antiretroviral therapy initiation

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2015-07-01

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background: Anemia is a known risk factor for clinical failure following antiretroviral therapy (ART). Notably, anemia and inflammation are interrelated, and recent studies have associated elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammation marker, with adverse human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)...

Vitamin D deficiency and risk of postpartum tuberculosis among HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers in India

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2015-03-15

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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Some studies have associated low vitamin D levels with the risk of tuberculosis (TB), but its association in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected mothers in a TB-endemic region has not been well studied. We conducted a nested 1:2 case-control study among HIV-infected mothers in western India...

C-reactive protein (CRP), interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are associated with risk of tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings

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2015-02-26

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PLOS One

Objective: The association between pre-antiretroviral (ART) inflammation and immune activation and risk for incident tuberculosis (TB) after ART initiation among adults is uncertain. Design: Nested case-control study (n = 332) within ACTG PEARLS trial of three ART regimens among 1571 HIV-infected,...

Pre-antiretroviral therapy selenium status predicts WHO stages 3, 4 or death but not virologic failure post-antiretroviral therapy

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2014-11-13

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Nutrients

A case-cohort study, within a multi-country trial of antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy (Prospective Evaluation of Antiretrovirals in Resource Limited Settings (PEARLS)), was conducted to determine if pre-ART serum selenium deficiency is independently associated with human immunodeficiency virus...

25-Hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency and deficiency is associated with HIV disease progression and virological failure post-antiretroviral therapy initiation in diverse multinational settings

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2014-07-15

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been associated with increased HIV mortality, but prospective studies assessing treatment outcomes after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation in resource-limited settings are lacking. Methods: A case-cohort study (N = 411) was nested...

Change in Vitamin D levels occurs early after antiretroviral therapy initiation and depends on treatment regimen in resource-limited settings

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2014-04-21

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PLOS One

Background: Vitamin D has wide-ranging effects on the immune system, and studies suggest that low serum vitamin D levels are associated with worse clinical outcomes in HIV. Recent studies have identified an interaction between antiretrovirals used to treat HIV and reduced serum vitamin D levels,...

Nutritional status and childhood growth among Korku and Warli tribes of Maharashtra: anthropometric perspective

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2013-01-01

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Explorations in Medical Anthropology

Nutritional status and childhood growth among Korku and Warli tribes of Maharashtra: anthropometric perspective.

Growth patterns among HIV-exposed infants receiving nevirapine prophylaxis in Pune, India

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2012-10-31

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BMC Infectious Diseases

Background: India has among the highest rates of infant malnutrition. Few studies investigating the growth patterns of HIV-exposed infants in India or the impact of timing of HIV infection on growth in settings such as India exist. Methods: We used data from the Six Week Extended Nevirapine (SWEN)...

Vitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers in Pune, India, but not associated with mother-to-child HIV transmission

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2012-10-01

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HIV Clinical Trials

A recent report from Tanzania demonstrated an increased risk of being HIV infected or of dying at birth among children born to breastfeeding mothers with low baseline vitamin D levels. We conducted a nested case-control study among HIV-infected pregnant women in western India to confirm the...

Nutrition and disease progression pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and post-HAART: Can good nutrition delay time to HAART and affect response to HAART

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2011-12-15

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American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Several studies have investigated a variety of nutritional supplementation interventions in adults with HIV. In this narrative review, we summarize the evidence from 31 clinical trials that explore clinical benefits of macronutrient and micronutrient supplementation in this population while...

Association between Dietary Intake and the Composition of the Vaginal Microbiota

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2018-06-20

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Shivakoti R , Tuddenham S, Caulfield LE, Robinson C, Rave J, Ghanem K, Brotman R. Association between dietary intake and the composition of the vaginal microbiota. Society for Epidemiologic Research 51st Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD. June 19-22, 2018.

Association between Dietary Intake and the Composition of the Vaginal Microbiota

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2018-06-09

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Shivakoti R , Tuddenham S, Caulfield LE, Robinson C, Rave J, Ghanem K, Brotman R. Association between Dietary Intake and the Composition of the Vaginal Microbiota. Oral presentation at Nutrition 2018 Conference. American Society for Nutrition. Boston, MA. June 9, 2018.

Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Indian Children with Tuberculosis and Age- and Sex-matched Controls

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2017-10-13

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Kinikar A , Chandanwale A, Dixit S, Jubilus J, Jain S, Bharadwaj R, Mave V, Gupte N, DeLuca A, Gupta A, Bollinger RC. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Indian Children with Tuberculosis and Age- and Sex-matched Controls. 48th Annual Union World Conference of Lung Health. Guadalajara, Mexico...

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diabetes mellitus among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Pune, India.

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2016-07-16

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DY Patil

Golub, J., Gupta, A. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diabetes mellitus among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Pune, India. TB2016. International AIDS Society. Durban, South Africa. 2016.

Inflammation in HIV-infected Pregnant Women: Relationship with Diet, Gut Microbiome, and Preterm Birth

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2016-06-10

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Shivakoti, R. Inflammation in HIV-infected Pregnant Women: Relationship with Diet, Gut Microbiome, and Preterm Birth. JHU Center for AIDS Research Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Multiple Micronutrient Deficiencies Pre- and Post-ART

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2015-02-24

Shivakoti R, Christian P, Gupte N, Kanyama C, Berendes S, Lama JR, Semba RD, Campbell TB, Gupta A for the NWCS 319 and PEARLS Study Team. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Multiple Micronutrient Deficiencies Pre- and Post-ART. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections 2015. Seattle, WA...

Metabolic Complications/Inflammation Lecture

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2015-01-10

Gupta A. Metabolic Complications/Inflammation Lecture. 5th National Conference on HIV/AIDS Therapy. Mumbai, India.

Vitamin D and TMEM16J Host Variants Associated with TB and Death in HIV Infected and Exposed Infants

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2014-06-13

Gupta, A. Vitamin D and TMEM16J Host Variants Associated with TB and Death in HIV Infected and Exposed Infants. Johns Hopkins Center for TB Research Annual Scientific Meeting. Baltimore, MD.

Nutritional Status and Childhood Growth Among Korku and Warli Tribes of Maharashtra: Anthropometric Perspective

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2013-01-01

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Dhumal, G. Nutritional Status and Childhood Growth Among Korku and Warli Tribes of Maharashtra: Anthropometric Perspective. National Seminar on ‘Policies and Issues In the Bio-Cultural Development of Scheduled Tribes, Anthropological Association, Mysore. Maharashtra, India.

Exposure to tuberculosis infected household contact, household food insecurity, and malnutrition, but not Vitamin D deficiency associated with pediatric tuberculosis in young children in Pune, India

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2012-10-17

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