This is a nested prospective longitudinal cohort study of 35 HIV-infected and 35 HIV-noninfected pregnant women who are part of the parent study “Impact of Immune Changes of HIV and Stages of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis." The objectives are to: Determine the association of gestational age with...
This is a cross sectional observational study known as PRACHITi (PRegnancy And CHanges In Tuberculosis), meaning “wisdom” in Marathi. It will be conducted at BJGMC to establish what the predictive value of the WHO TB symptom screen is in pregnant women in India. We hypothesize that the WHO TB...
Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a major cause of mortality among Indian women of reproductive age; approximately 20-50% of women in India are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Due to immune changes of pregnancy, women are particularly at risk of reactivation and progression to...
Purpose: TB is a leading cause of maternal mortality, especially among HIV-infected women. Women are most likely to develop active TB during and immediately after pregnancy. The immunologic conditions responsible for this phenomenon are not understood. Our recent research shows that pregnant women...
Dr. Amita Gupta is Protocol Chair for this multinational clinical trial being conducted in Botswana, Haiti, South Africa, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, and Zimbabwe, and in India by the Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit, of which CCGHE is a member. Background Tuberculosis (TB) is the...
To evaluate the immune activating properties of BCG vaccination in neonatal CD4 cells and test the hypothesis that neonatal BCG vaccination leads to activation of immune response that may increase the susceptibility to HIV infection in breast-fed infants of HIV-positive mothers.
Clinical Infectious Diseases: Select immune markers can identify women at higher risk for pre-term birth in HIV-1-infected populations; modulating gut barrier integrity and microbial translocation may have an effect.
Objective: To determine the association between household food insecurity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in pregnancy. Design: Pregnant women in India were administered the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire and underwent an IFN-γ release assay. Logistic regression...
Rationale: Pregnant women with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are at high risk for development of TB, especially if infected with HIV. Objectives: To assess the performance of LTBI tests in pregnant and postpartum women infected with HIV, investigate the immunology behind discordance in...
Abstract Background: Since 2005, India has implemented a national cash transfer programme, the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), which provides women a cash transfer upon giving birth in an existing public facility. This has resulted in a steep rise in facility births across the country. The early...
Abstract Objective: To gain insight into the quality of care in facilities implementing the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) cash transfer program in Madhya Pradesh, India, by reviewing the level of documentation in the clinical records of women who delivered. Methods: The present retrospective,...
Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women of childbearing age (15–44 years). Despite increased tuberculosis risk during pregnancy, optimal clinical treatment remains unclear: safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic data for many tuberculosis drugs are lacking, and trials...
Background: India has a high burden of active tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Pregnancy increases the risks of developing TB in HIV-infected women. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) reduces progression to TB, but may increase costs and hepatotoxicity. The cost-...
Abstract Background: Unsafe abortion contributes to a significant portion of maternal mortality in India. Access to safe abortion care is known to reduce maternal mortality. Availability and distribution of abortion care facilities can influence women's access to these services, especially in rural...
Abstract Background: India launched JSY cash transfer programme to increase access to emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC) by incentivising in-facility births. This increased in-facility births from 30%in 2005 to 73% in 2012 however, decline in maternal mortality follows a secular trend...
Background: Targeted screening for latent TB infection (LTBI) in vulnerable populations is a recommended TB control strategy. Pregnant women are at high risk for developing TB and likely to access healthcare, making pregnancy an important screening opportunity in developing countries. The...
Abstract Severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are common causes of maternal deaths worldwide and more so in developing countries. Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is now the most-recommended drug of choice to treat these conditions. Despite favourable policies for the use of MgSO4 treatment in India,...
Tuberculosis is most common during a woman's reproductive years and is a major cause of maternal-child mortality. National guidelines for screening and management vary widely owing to insufficient data. In this article, we review the available data on (1) the global burden of tuberculosis in women...
Little is known about birth outcomes for HIV-infected women in India. We examine maternal and neonatal birth outcomes in HIV-infected women within the context of enhanced pre-natal care associated with a randomized clinical trial conducted in Pune, India. Birth outcomes of 212 HIV-infected pregnant...
Abstract Background: The National Rural Health Mission of India advocates public private partnerships (PPPs) to meet its "service guarantee" of Emergency obstetric care (EmOC) provision. The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) has a provision of Rs. 1500 for contracting in obstetric specialists...
HIV-positive women of reproductive age face challenges in decision making related to pregnancy. Understanding factors influencing repeat pregnancies in women with known HIV status are necessary to guide interventions and counseling strategies to better inform and support them. We compared three...
Introduction: Sixty percent of India's HIV cases occur in rural residents. Despite government policy to expand antenatal HIV screening and prevention of maternal-to-child transmission (PMTCT), little is known about HIV testing among rural women during pregnancy. Methods: Between January and March...
Abstract Background: The Government of India launched the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005 to improve healthcare delivery and strengthen the public health system. Prevention and management of anaemia during pregnancy and access to quality emergency obstetric care services are important...
Factors affecting the eligibility and acceptability of voluntary counselling and rapid HIV testing (VCT) were examined among pregnant womenpresenting in labour in Pune, India. Of the 6702 total women appearing at the delivery room from April 2001 to March 2002, 4638 (69%) were admitted for normal...
47th Union World Conference on Lung Health. International Union for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease.
Presentation. Mathad J on behalf of Gupta A and P1078 Study Team TB APPRISE: Phase IV Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety of Immediate (Antepartum-initiated) vs. Deferred (Postpartum-initiated) Isoniazid Preventive Therapy among HIV-infected Women in High TB...
